This video is part of a research project initiated by Marc Johnson, commissioned by the Vancouver Biennale and supported by the Cultural and Scientific Service of the Embassy of France to Canada.
This work has been commissioned by the Vancouver Biennale
Full transript
2. Painting as Historical Record
3. The Indian Act and the Limits of Freedom
5. Indigenous Peoples and the United Nations
6. Can the World Stop Global Warming?
7. Mother Earth, Power, and the Future
1. A Bad Colonial Day
Marc Johnson: Could you introduce yourself?
Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun: My name is Dr. Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun Lets’lo:tseltun. I’m Salish and an artist. “Yuxweluptun” means “man who possesses many masks.” “Lets’lo:tseltun” is “man who possesses many colours.” I live here in colonial British Columbia, under occupation. In this lifetime, I have seen 78 percent of songbirds evaporated from this earth.
Since contact, it has been like the First World War. The French, English, Russians, Portuguese, Spanish, and British came here and started to kill the Indians. They killed millions of them. Books have been written about the guns, steel and disease, all of them about the conquest of this world and the First Nations. They call it the manifestation of destiny. You have the luxury of exterminating the Indigenous peoples of the world.
You’re still practicing supremacy. You’re still killing us.
It’s a measurement of supremacy, power, standing armies, ceaseless Canada, the CIA — all of them. We know the agenda of what this world is doing. This whole continent is a write-off. It was always just a colony for Europeans to come over here to rape and pillage. They’re still raping and pillaging, but now they’re murdering Native women in vast numbers in this continent.
That’s colonialism.
How do you successfully stalk and kill Indigenous women in the Americas? That’s our everyday life. It’s not fantasy; it’s not a colonial dream that I’m living in some faraway land, some magical place where everything is really good. It is good if you are a colonialist or a pilgrim. It’s good if you’re a landed immigrant. It’s good if you’re a foreigner because it gives you the right to oppress, to have no humanity whatsoever for Indigenous peoples around the world. We are a world problem and you are exterminating us: it’s still ongoing.
Reservations are the oldest internment camps in history. You can look on the news and see people leaving their areas and going into holding places. You can look at the history of concentration camps in World War II, but if you truly look at the history of America, you can see living concentration camps. We’re not “free.” You have the Indian Act. You have the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the United States. Our hands are open. We don’t have any weapons of mass destruction. We can’t do anything about everything that is being done to this planet.
What’s the rush? Why is it necessary to kill all the mammals on this earth in the next 50 years? What is the great plan? Is it necessary to have all the killer whales exterminated?
The things we have, the songs we sing — we’ve always had them, but now they’re going to die. I have the luxury of watching the destruction of my motherland and you get to do it as global domination. I’m watching it, I’m seeing it, and I’m just supposed to ‘Shut the fuck up Indian’ about everything you do to this world. Clear-cut to the last tree. You’re here to destroy it. You’re not here for any salvation. None of you have any intention of stopping global warming. You have no answer on the internet for when you will stop heating the planet. Who am I to judge you? You’re gods, if you believe in your gods.
The things I talk about are normal, everyday lives on the planet. All over the world, we suffer the same consequences, live in the same domination of this world. We have stepped aside. You’ve killed enough of us. You’re killing everything.
Are you happy? Will you be happy in this world, after you cut down all the trees? All the bears? All the deer? All the moose? All the mammals?
When will the quench of the thirst of your greed be finished? When it’s all done? It’s going to get really quiet after you do this. There will be no songbirds to wake up to.
2. Painting as Historical Record
The elimination of everything — that’s a lot of power. It’s very selfish of Europeans. I find the select human race to be a very ugly, creepy people that has no intentions other than destroying this planet for their own greed. How do you stop something like that? They have their own interests. I get to watch it and I do watch it, then I paint it.
It’s my job as an artist to record history.
When you’re on the outside looking in, your observations are much more different than when you’re on the other side of the fence. We’ve always been an “us” and “them.”
3. The Indian Act and the Limits of Freedom
The Indian Act is nothing more than a white supremacy act. It gives you the privilege and right to limit my human existence, to not recognize me as a human being.
We’re wards of the crown of this country. We are “property of _.” We are not free human beings. That’s the reality of this time in history.
We can’t really say anything anymore about what you do. We can’t do anything about anything you do. We are silenced. We have no seat at the United Nations; the G20 have the power. It’s not my place to say that this is a really wonderful world and everything is perfect, that we’re doing a great job. I’m not on the other side of the fence. Your utopia is very different from mine. The coral reefs are dying. The fish and the salmon are dying; give it time. They say there’s a crisis of global warming in this country, that we’re being affected globally. Then they turn around, and Justin Trudeau is such an ass (Justin Pierre James Trudeau; born December 25, 1971 is a Canadian politician who has served as the 23rd prime minister of Canada since 2015 and has been the leader of the Liberal Party since 2013). Do you hear me, Justin? It is wrong to make a pipeline at this time in history, to increase global warming. It’s wrong to say there’s a crisis then turn around and make more problems on this Earth. What’s the rush? Why do you want to destroy this planet so fast? Why do the humans want to do that? Is there not enough greed fast enough?
That’s the problem when big companies in Alberta make billions of dollars, and now they want to make more on a pipeline that has no purpose other than to make more money and to destroy. Alberta has so many billions of dollars of a mess to clean up; now they want to make a bigger mess. They have no intention of cleaning it up. It would take more than 200 years. But those are just words. It’ll take thousands of years to clean up. It’s a write-off. I don’t care. It was never theirs to look after. It was there for the taking. To kill it, to destroy it—that’s the only reason they’re here. You’re not here to look after this land. Environment Canada’s a joke.
You’re here to kill everything, I know that. You’re colonialists. Emancipate me and every Native person for the amount of time we have left on this planet. Give me citizenship. Get rid of the Indian Act. What’s wrong with me as a person to be free, to decide my destiny? It’s too much to ask of this world. You all have your hands around my throat. There’s too much money at stake. You will never free us. You can put Leonard Peltier in jail but we’re all in the same boat (Leonard Peltier is an American activist and convicted murderer for allegedly killing two FBI agents in 1975. Many people considered him a political prisoner during his jail term). We’re all prisoners, outside or inside. That’s the reality of Natives in America. I’m sorry it’s not a beautiful, romantic notion you have, but today I am having a bad colonial day. I’m not very thankful for smallpox. I’m not very thankful for residential schools which killed many thousands of children, children rounded up and put in Catholic Indian residential schools across Canada. The government officially said they only killed 5,000, which is a nice figure to make you look humble or innocent. Be realistic about residential schools. The actual number of victims is more like 30,000 to 40,000.
You’re probably looking at me in a very strange way on your television right now, wondering why I’m talking like this. It’s because my language was taken away from me at residential school. English was rammed down my throat. It was against the law for us to speak our own language. Don’t question me about your language and your whole culture when you had the luxury of destroying mine. You wonder why I’m not really happy with any of you or why I don’t trust you. It must be nice to send your priests in to rape, kill and molest all those children at your luxury. It must be a great satisfaction to say that you’ve come to the analysis that missing and murdered women is a genocide. You can publicly thank yourselves for a very successful colonial year, because there’s still an ongoing genocide of Aboriginal people. The world should be appraising Canada because it’s successfully maintaining its colonial position to rape and kill our Native women at their leisure and there’s nothing I can do about it. There’s nothing I can say about these things that you do. Who am I to say what your pleasure is?
These are the things I get to paint. It can get really ugly; it’s an ugly world. I want to settle this very clearly for you optimists. They’re not here to save this planet. They’re all here to kill it out of greed. It’s always been that way. You want to save the world? Good luck.
How do you stop global warming? Are you willing to stop? How do you stop the G20? Time is running out; some say it’s already too late.
The pacifist says, “Let’s take it all anyways then. Why not just enjoy it whatever we have left and what little time we have, because we’re going to kill it all?” We are killing it all. That’s the world. It’s here now. It’s violent how much and how fast the destruction is. It’s just a matter of choice. Eighty-three percent of American groundwater is already contaminated and unfit for human consumption. This continent has become a cesspool from dioxins, mining companies, settling ponds breaking. It’s all collapsing. You’re not here to clean it. You’re too messy, you have no intentions of cleaning anything. Why should you wipe your ass here in America? It’s a throwaway continent.
This is my reality that I have to live in. You may not like it, or you may enjoy it. You probably take great pleasure in the consequences and ‘success’ of putting a colonial flag on this continent, then killing everything. It’s just like Europe. We have no more grizzlies or black bears in some regions now. You roped them and ripped them apart at your pleasure.
I see you, but I’m invisible and voiceless. I’m not a patriotic person. I don’t like your British Empire or your queen. I don’t like the royal family or anything it stands for. Your whole concept of coming here in the last 500 years, has been destruction, death and extermination. What can I expect from you in the next 500 years? Are we to sit on colonial internment camps forever? Are you going to keep me all Native people as prisoners in a colonial concentration camp forever? Is that your utopia? I don’t like your dream. It’s ugly.
4. Everything is sacred.
I have my own religious beliefs and I want to keep them. I will be that noble savage. I will always have a fire, no matter what. I’m going to sing the songs of the animals that exist. We’ve always said everything is sacred. The difference between the two of us is that you have the philosophy “I think therefore I am.” I am the noble savage, and I will say this to the world once: “[I have] all my relations, therefore I will have wisdom.”
Everything is sacred. What gives you the right to exterminate all the mammals? What “God-given right” gives you that power and supremacy? Why?
Our relationship is different in where you came from and why you’re here. The animals on this continent were always free. We looked after everything. We didn’t look after it just for you to come over here and exterminate everything. We looked after it because we thought it was important to have respect and to honour everything that is alive: everything is sacred. You will never understand that because you don’t believe that an ant has sovereignty. You don’t think that a butterfly has a right, or that a grizzly bear has his own land and that he’s equal. You believe you are superior to everything and anything, including any other human beings. So, you will kill them, because you are in power.
Global warming is on its way. You are going to make it harder on this planet. It’s two degrees warmer now, then three degrees, four degrees; it’s going to be like that from now on. What will you start to call yourselves after nothing’s left? Is that day coming? Are you going to have your super race? Do you plan on killing all the coloured people on the planet with your nuclear weapons, conventional weapons, and drones, so you can take it all?. We’re waiting and watching. What is the new world order? We know you want to kill everything, and you’re successful at doing that.
I can see what you’re doing. You can see what I’m doing. We are your world’s national security risk. We’re still a threat to you. My existence is a threat to you because I’m a person of colour. I think I’ve said what I have to say to this world, to you and your like. If you don’t like my message, go fuck yourselves. I think the whole world is a bunch of assholes who don’t give a shit. You’re only concerned about yourselves, your own greed and killing. I’m not happy about that. I used to be an optimist, that things could get better. They aren’t, and I have to accept that. I have to accept the idea of how dangerous, and how lawfully evil you are. You say you’re Christians around the world. Only sinners go to church because you can forgive yourselves for all the evil things you’ve done, are doing, and are going to do. That’s why I don’t trust you. I know it’s useless to think you can change as human beings. Nevertheless, I will pray for you, all of you. Everything is sacred. You’re all sacred, yet it doesn’t give you the right to do what you’re doing. If I say it’s wrong, I think it’s wrong. That’s my right.
Am I allowed to have an existential thought in this world? That’s the question under the Indian Act. Can you allow an Indian to have a free thought? For now, we’ll just have our post-colonization stress disorder syndromes as we suffer, watch, and lose hope.
You’ll never understand what it is to watch your homeland being destroyed, because it was never yours. This is my Motherland. You can put your colonial flag on it and I don’t give a fuck.
You can put your Canadian flag on it; I’m not a patriotic person, I never will be. I’m not going to kiss your flag. I’m not going to sing your national anthem because I don’t believe in it. I don’t believe anything your governments are saying or doing to save this world. So why should I sing your national anthem or God Save the Queen? Fuck your queen too, all of them in the British Empire. I’m sick of all this bullshit. You’re killing everything: that’s the truth, that’s the reality. How can I say that? Since contact, 600 million salmon have been brought down to 40 million or less in less than 500 years. Seventy-six percent of all songbirds’ species are already gone in less than 500 years. Don’t tell me I’m bullshitting. Fuck you, world. Fuck you all for what you’re doing.
That’s why I’m having a bad colonial day, every day, because you’re here to kill everything. You’re not here to protect this world. You’re selfish, you’re greedy. That’s it.
5. Indigenous Peoples and the United Nations
MJ: Thank you very much. I’ve heard that there are 450 million Indigenous people around the planet. What would you like to say to them?
LPY: Not one of them sits at the United Nations. Why? We can sit here and talk until we’re blue in the face. It’s the colour of my skin that drives us to that position. We’re Indigenous, the noble savage. We gave you environmentalism, but what did you do with it? We talked to you for the last 500 years. Did you listen to anything we said? What’s the point? It’s too late; your answer was a gun in my face. Any Indian that got in your way, you took the cannon out and killed them. You’re still massacring them; you’re still exterminating them.
6. Can the World Stop Global Warming?
MJ: It seems many people are genuinely interested and trying to do something against climate change. There are people trying to support different minority groups. What do you think of that? There is an extraction of lands today and there is capitalism; there is the violence that is consistent throughout history. Yet it seems there are also people trying to do something about it. What do you say about that?
LPY: The environment’s movement does not have a standing army.
MJ: Are we at war?
LPY: It’s ruled by gun of the capitalist world and its might — the 1% rule.
How do you stop it? You’re asking how to stop global warming. How do you stop the world stock exchange market? How do you stop cars around the world from driving?
Your chances are slim. Should we just use the Native people as human shields and sacrifice them first as an environmental quest to try and stop the world? Try and stop any of these things. The countries will take out their armies and kill you. It’s a 1% rule; that’s the reality of this world. They have the government, their airplanes, spy planes, and tanks. They control the media. You’re asking to save this planet. Why not a “stop” world day, where you shut it all down if you truly want to save the world. Can you do it? Can you slow down the temperature of this planet? It’s too high by two degrees. There are economics and gross national products. Can you go and bring it down to a slow snail? There are the 1% and their domination of the planet, but it’s also about how we live and how we die. It’s just a choice. Do we need what we have? Can we take only what we need? They bottle our water and make us pay for it. Everybody else knows how to take a container, a glass jar, and turn on the tap, then it’s free. These are simple acts. Just stop using bottled water, period, yet people won’t like that.
Some Native communities don’t have fresh water. They need it, but the government won’t allow them to have clean water in this country (Out of 630 Indigenous communities in Canada, 61 have boil-water advisories, some dating back to 1996). This is Canada. Why should you give clear drinking water to Aboriginal people? Why should you care? We’re “just a bunch of fucking Indians.” You say, “I don’t give a fuck. We’re Canadian. We hate Indians.” They don’t like us; they never did. They came here with hate; they’ve always hated us. There’s no love. It’s the greatest asset of the colonialists. Hate us so you can kill us, so you can take everything, so you can kill everything.
Hate gives you the right to pillage. It gives you supremacy and power. It’s not an easy thing to say that I have an answer to global warming. You may not like it. You may not like the answer I give you. Who am I? How do you shut down the global stock market, period? You don’t need it. I understand global warming and its mechanisms, but how do you stop the G20 from destroying the planet? Europe was a cesspool before they even got here, and now it’s a bigger cesspool. It’s hard to say we can truly clean up this planet. You don’t have the resources, the monetary wealth or the power. You’re not even going to bother cleaning up the biggest toxic sites in the United States of America called superfund sites. They never will. They have a standing army.
It’s all about the 1%. What’s your relationship with the 1%? You should be talking to them, making them answer to you. Why me? I’m not the one doing this. You’re running around with this camera; how come you don’t get to talk to the 1%? They are the power of this world. Go talk to the richest man in the world, see what he has to say. Would you even get an interview? These are questions that have to be asked and answered. It’s the billion-dollar question. Now you’re concerned it’s getting too late. I didn’t do it. It’s not my problem. The Indian problem is just a colonial problem. We’re still here but in reality, I don’t trust any of you. We don’t see eye to eye. How can I stand with an environmentalist side by side, as another race? Is it worth it? Is it worth my time? They want to put a pipeline here full of bitumen oil; the stuff sinks. It’s completely in the opposite direction of global warming. Canada is the problem. Boycott Canadian oil, all of it, globally. Boycott Canadian farmed goods, all Canadian goods. If you want to stop Canada from polluting, then boycott all their cattle and their farmed fish.
Is that an answer? It would make me happy, but I don’t think they’d like that, because it means they’d have to answer for something. We have pollution tax. Four of the premiers have threatened to leave the Confederation of Canada if they don’t get their way of polluting more of the land. I have no problem with these people leaving the Confederation of Canada. The Confederation has always been here to destroy. If they want to break up this country, they can be my guest, because they’re destroying it anyways.
The history of threatening to leave this country is quite ironic. The French’s problem was that they made a mistake here in Canada. They should have just talked to the Indigenous peoples of their lands and honoured them, then said they would leave. Yet they got too greedy, too arrogant, and they lost. They didn’t get a French flag on this continent. They were always mad about that and still are. They’re still ramming French down Native throats in the East.
You can break this country up — it’s not a big problem. If they want to leave, fine. If the French truly want to leave the Confederation of Canada, if they want to become the far right, all they have to do is talk to the Indigenous peoples of their lands. Make an agreement with them, and go your own way. If you want to have a salvation and protect the land and work with the Indigenous peoples, they will work with you. If you just want to leave the Confederation and destroy it all, they’re not going to go with you.
These are questions that have always been asked of this nation. We’ve always been a “take it or leave it” kind of situation. Look at the lands claims in this country; 96% of British Columbia is non-treaty. Why should we trust Canada on land claims? How can I trust you with all this water? All these trees? There’s no moratorium on how many logging trucks there are in British Columbia. The world’s biggest clear-cut is in British Columbia. Canada is an environmental problem to the world. We need forests. You want me to give you an answer to global warming. Stop cutting down all the trees. Invest in hemp. British Columbia has lost most of its old-growth forest. Your scorched-earth policies kill everything.
You want to change the world. Try a world with a four-day work week. Relax and take it easy. Slow down. What’s the rush? Take 30% of the 1%’s wealth and clean up your world if you really want to clean it up. Protect the earth, and say, “no.” Those are some of the answers you may be looking for. They may not like what I said, but I won’t take everything from the 1%. I only said 30%, or 35%, 40%. They can cry about it for a little while, but it’s for their own good. If you truly want to save the world, these are some of the things that have to be done. It takes a lot of money to clean up toxic sites, a lot of restoration. It takes many years in a global effort to replant all the trees in the world. The endeavors of industrialization in the world are more than 800 years old — the industrial revolution, the enlightenment years of the planet, and its technology — the party’s over.
It takes anywhere from two to ten thousand years for a forest to recycle itself. That’s how long it will take to bring back this Earth. Plant trees, everywhere. It’ll create jobs. People might even ride bikes and drive electric cars. We could eliminate some of the dams. Try globalizing a world in which all the buildings have solar panels. Then, take down the nuclear power plants because you don’t need them. (These are just ideas.) Mother Earth heats up and gives energy. It’s there: learn how to use it. Wind is not always successful, but we have to eliminate all the carbons of the world, period, everywhere at once. To be honest, the world probably has five years to do it. If you can’t do that, why are we even talking? We’ve been talking this talk to the world until we’re blue in the face. We’ve been talking since you arrived.
It has come to this now. You come to me for advice; these are the things I ask you to do to save your world, to save your dream. Yet what gratitude will I get? Why would I want to save your world if I’m just going to stay in a colonial internment camp forever? Thank you very much, I’m going to kick you in the nuts now. Thank you for all the information, all the thoughts, but I’m still going to be a prisoner of this colonial war, of this globalization. You may want to think about freeing us; it’s just a thought. You may want to ask us to be at the United Nations. Someday, you may even want to have us sit at the tables of your governments and give guidance. As for right now, we have too much hate. It was 500 years ago that we were free and had our own governance. That’s what you were afraid of all along: that we know how to govern ourselves.
That’s the world we have, that’s the world we want. I can share it. I can teach this world, but I’m not about to die for it. Maybe I should. Maybe they could use me as a human shield to stop the Trans Mountain Pipeline. Is that what we have to do? Is that what this world wants to do — to declare us environmentalists terrorists, so they can kill them all? Are the people who want to save the earth going to be declared environmental terrorists? Are you going to start killing them because they want to stop everything?
7. Mother Earth, Power, and the Future
Water is life: we have to look after it. I’m just here to say Mother Earth was granted to us. I’m only answerable to Mother Earth, not to Canada or the G20.
If you’re going to rule by gun, to take and kill everything, do you think it will last? Can you say, after you kill all the mammals and Indigenous peoples, that you’ve met your objectives?
I understand it; it’s kill or be killed. Is that the nature of humans and humanities? Do we really have any humanities anymore? There are millions of people dying. Many questions have to be asked of this world. A simple act of giving free condoms to every person on this planet could change the world. Humans fuck like rats. There are so many of us and we don’t know how to stop. Can we sustain 15 billion, 20 billion, 25 billion, or 30 billion human beings?
If you’re to continue to talk about global warming, human nature has to be looked at. It’s all about the Catholic Church saying abortion is illegal. A human should have no say at all about the abortion issue, if they’re not a woman. They should be the only ones saying anything and making any laws. Man has no right on any religion anywhere on this planet, no right to say anything on what they do. That’s the problem we have with humanities: we don’t have enough respect for women globally. We’re too much of a bunch of male chauvinist pigs. Where did the words “it’s a man’s world” come from? Why did we make religious laws to eliminate their rights?
Do you want to stop global warming and maintain this ideology and religious beliefs globally? We have a lot to learn. Do we have time to change? It’s a very old question. “I’m a man. I can change if I have to.” It’s a funny line. I’ve heard it, listened to it, but it does mean a lot. I believe in the humanities of everyone; human beings should be equal in everything. I wish we had a planet that was like that where I could truly have a utopia. We’re far from being a utopian world; that’s the world. The Catholic Church has to realize that not all of us are Catholics. The Muslims have to realize that I am a sacred person wherever I am and will pray however I am. Religious wars are not necessary — they’re just an excuse for war that has been used for years. All the religious groups in the world should be taxed. There should be no more tax exemption or free rides for the religious groups of the world. If we want a world with equality, why should we give the Catholic Church a free ride? What makes them special? What makes you better than any of us?
These are just questions. Somebody has to answer for this. Somebody has to answer to this world in the future for all the things that were done and that they’re doing. Could you stand with an M16 on the news, saying, “Try and stop us from killing all the mammals”? This is where we’re going; it’s not a pretty picture.
That’s why I paint. I’m honest about everything. I have nothing to hide at all in this world. I’m no different than any other man. That’s life. I have six daughters with different wives. I learned from all my mistakes. I truly love them and that’s life. I finally got it right and I have a nice, beautiful woman to live with who appreciates me, and I have love and happiness. I’ll take what I can get in this world right now. But I would wish global warming away. Can it be done?
I’ll say it again. I wish you all good luck, Long Knives (According to the release notes: The Long Knife by the Oxford English Dictionary, the expression long knife refers to the native North Americans noticing that the white settlers of Virginia carried knives conspicuously longer than the ones they had, and bestowed on them the nickname ‘long knives.’ The expression LONG KNIFE entered the Oxford English Dictionary in the first Supplement of 1933, which was noted for its coverage of American terms, especially historical ones. As a 1784 writer succinctly put it: “The savages now learned the superiority of the Long Knife, as they call the Virginians, by experience.”), whatever choice you make. I live in a world of “us” and “them.” You come to talk to me; I am “them.” This is our world experience. It’s always been that way, ever since you arrived. Maybe on a good day we might get a chance to think about what this world is doing. Someday we might get a chance to actually do it, and say we’ve achieved the end of global warming. If you can’t get it done, it’s over. It will happen. Expect the inevitable. The answer is this: how long did it take to make the North Pole? How long did it take to create the South Pole? Do you know? How many thousands of years did it snow there? Years and layers of snow, ice packing itself down. Melt all of that and, as long as it took, it’ll take that much more time. Measure the snow and find out how many hundreds of thousands of years it took to form. That’s your answer to global warming. Either you protect it or you don’t. That’s just the time of this world; that’s the nature of where we’re at. The polar caps are the measurement of global warming, the measurement of time.
This work has been commissioned by the Vancouver Biennale
Acknowledgements
This work was made possible with the generous institutional support of the Museum of Anthropology (UBC), the Museum of Vancouver, the Vancouver Art Gallery, the Vancouver Biennale, the Vancouver Maritime Museum, Vivo Media Art Center, the Cultural and Scientific Service of the Embassy of France to Canada, and the Buschlen Mowatt Nichol Foundation.
This work could not have been possible without the support of Barrie Mowatt, Murray Nichol, Karen Duffek, and Jim Breukelman.
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